May 02, 2024
11 11 11 AM
Prince William Shares Update on Kate Middleton and Their 3 Kids
Vikings sign punter competition for Ryan Wright
These Mean Girls Secrets Totally Are Fetch
How to Watch the 2024 Madrid Open Online: Live Stream the Tennis Tournament for Free
Gabrielle Union on the ‘Nerves and Anxieties’ of Sending Stepdaughter Zaya to College (Exclusive)
Ukraine’s ‘Harry Potter castle’ hit in deadly Russian strike
NYPD raid Columbia campus and arrest protesters
Inside Kate Middleton and Prince William’s Most Relatable Chapter Yet
The US doctor who cannot forget what he saw in Gaza
Yes, That’s Jax & Brittany at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner
Latest Post
Prince William Shares Update on Kate Middleton and Their 3 Kids Vikings sign punter competition for Ryan Wright These Mean Girls Secrets Totally Are Fetch How to Watch the 2024 Madrid Open Online: Live Stream the Tennis Tournament for Free Gabrielle Union on the ‘Nerves and Anxieties’ of Sending Stepdaughter Zaya to College (Exclusive) Ukraine’s ‘Harry Potter castle’ hit in deadly Russian strike NYPD raid Columbia campus and arrest protesters Inside Kate Middleton and Prince William’s Most Relatable Chapter Yet The US doctor who cannot forget what he saw in Gaza Yes, That’s Jax & Brittany at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner

Global health groups propose new terminology for pathogens that spread through the air

Well into the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were reluctant to use terms like “airborne,” “airborne transmission,” and “aerosol transmission” to describe the spread of the virus through the air, while other experts used various definitions to describe the phenomenon, sowing confusion about how the disease was circulating. 

An international group has been grappling with the issue, and today the experts laid out their deliberations in a report and proposed new agreed-on terminology for pathogens that transmit “through the air,” which include not only SARS-CoV-2, but also influenza, measles, MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus), SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), and tuberculosis.

The group included the WHO, consulting experts, and representatives from four major health groups: the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and the US CDC.

In the press release, the WHO said the terminology challenge stemmed from a lack of common terminology across several scientific disciplines, a problem that became more acute when experts across disciplines were tapped to weigh in with guidance and recommendations.

Jeremy Farrar, MD, the WHO’s chief scientist, said, “We are pleased to have been able to address this complex and timely issue and reach a consensus.” He added that agreed-on terminology for pathogens that spread through the air will help pave the way for new research agendas and to implement public health interventions designed to identify, communicate, and respond to current and new pathogens.

Umbrella term and 2 transmission descriptors

Along with the through-the-air terminology, the group introduced other common descriptors. 

People infected with respiratory pathogens can generate and expel infectious particles while breathing, talking, singing, or coughing, for example. The group agreed that those particles should be called “infectious respiratory particles” (IRPs). Since IRPs have different sizes, the group steered away from defined cutoff points such as “droplets” and “aerosols” that scientists have used to distinguish larger particles from smaller particles.

The experts also proposed two descriptors to characterize transmission through the air, with “airborne transmission or inhalation” used when IRPs are expelled into the air and inhaled by another person no matter what the distance and “direct deposition” for when IRPs are directly deposited on the mouth, nose, or eyes of another person. 

Steps for moving forward

Yuguo Li, PhD, who co-chaired the technical working group and a building environment expert in the department of mechanical engineering at the University of Hong Kong, said reaching consensus was unprecedented and wasn’t easy. “Completing this consultation gives us a new opportunity and starting point to move forward with a better understanding and agreed principles for diseases that transmit through the air.”

The WHO said the terminology discussions and agreement represent the first phase of discussions on the topic. I added that the next steps include more technical and multidisciplinary research and exploring the wider implications of using the updated terms.

Sticking points and practical implications

In the 52-page report, the group acknowledged some sticking points and concerns about practical implications regarding use of the new terms. They stopped short of recommending full airborne precautions to mitigate the risk of short-range airborne transmission. 

And while discussions were based on the best available science, the group agreed on the importance of balancing scientific insights with availability, access, affordability, and other practical realities to minimize health inequity and avoid potential consequences, such as the ability to access personal protective equipment such as respirators. 

Some experts not involved in the report have said the WHO is on the right path and are welcoming the terminology clarifications. Others, however, see a mixed picture and hope the groups are sincere when they say the report is a first step.

Joe Vipond, MD, an emergency department physician in Calgary, Alberta, and clinical assistant professor at the University of Calgary, said on X today that the report finally acknowledges that short-range airborne transmission is an integral part of all airborne transmission and explicitly says COVID is airborne. He is the cofounder of a Masks4Canada, a grassroots group with a goal of the Canadian government and public knowing about the critical role of masks for reducing COVID transmission.

“This is huge,” he wrote, noting that the acknowledgement means workers, especially in healthcare, need respirators when caring for patients in concerning situations. (Respirators fit snugly to the face and filter out the smallest IRPs, as opposed to medical masks, which leave gaps.)

Vipond, however, noted several shortcomings, such as no mention of air filtration or sterilization in the list of suggested public health and social measure implementations. And though he praised the group for having airborne scientists on board, he said key disciplines should also include engineers and occupational hygienists. “We need all brains engaged on wicked problems.”

In his other comments, he raised concerns about a lack of consensus on the use of the precautionary principle, which he said was also a problem during the SARS outbreak, and questioned the group’s rationale that issues regarding equity preclude recommendations for respirator use. “Equity means everyone gets excellent protections. Not reducing protections to the lowest possible common denominator.”

38 thoughts on “Global health groups propose new terminology for pathogens that spread through the air”

  2. I am really impressed along with your writing skills as neatly as with the format to your weblog.
    Is this a paid subject or did you customize it your self?
    Either way keep up the excellent quality writing, it is uncommon to look a nice weblog like this one nowadays..

  8. Hey There. I found your blog using msn. This is a very well
    written article. I will make sure to bookmark it and come
    back to read more of your useful info. Thanks for the post.

    I will certainly return.

  9. Beastily caard credit fre no sexFree scraming redhead sexSexx with
    short dickWholesale vintaye distressed fashion women t-shirtsAttorney bar assPicturs
    of dicksJustine jolie nudeAmmeture gay glory hole1940 cafd post vintagePantyhose levgy paulineBurrnet teensTeen suckimg teenCtwalk dressing room nakedPrivate caam
    amasteur ppic freeChronic vaginal infectionsQueenstown adult nzAdult
    tentaclePoorn for freeNedy girls fuckingPosfed in channel flurl hot blowjobYorkswhire terrierr anal glandsSeex after yohr
    cervixx removedXhamster obese lesbians fuckXhamster
    milff germanSexy girrl wetThe women’s movement againhst
    sexual harassmentBreaat cncer personal testHow to grlm pussy willowTeen pon handjob moviesStrip
    bar girls accident fightFreee pam anderson sexx tqpe downloadsTeen graphic teesVinage 4wd
    https://tinyurl.com/x7crb8x9 Free xxxx family afir trailersDomination rapperCamo colored dildos https://bit.ly/3ptmRa8 Pussy dilpdo masterbation youn girlsFilth freaks xxxNutecc paint stripper https://cutt.ly/XcwoV2Q Pop sock sex picturesAsian reestaurant burlingtoln vtForced fantaasies pantyhose https://tinyurl.com/yasv9na5 Matjre wuth straponLatest iin breast implantsGlory holpe photos free https://bit.ly/3eA9Czzk Cajren diaz sexy assFofced
    interracial wivesToying porn videos https://bit.ly/2RApOYy Pink apple bottom jeansSexmachine cumFreee sex freak videos https://tinyurl.com/2qtzj6zq Juoia fourty inc assVagial atrophy treatmentSlutty girl
    having sex https://bit.ly/35AlHST Free crissta mooire facial surpriwe videoDogg ugly wwith big titsAdult match doctore https://tinyurl.com/ycq4z5tm Mature dog loversEscort lvov ukraine sexFree cfnm asian https://cutt.ly/JUPMI5Y Hoow bbig penis feelCinbdy crawfrd naed
    training dayWomern fucking squid https://cutt.ly/xC7ypN7 Tranny amasteur powered byy phpbbDeeep throat slutsFree video ass archive https://tinyurl.com/yf3j8y24 Meridith viera boobsFree bleach herntia pornGay christmas storiss https://bit.ly/3fNYn5m Viddeos
    porn de hermaprhoditesEffective masle seex stimulantsLeft for dead porn video https://cutt.ly/9UdcufC Youmg nakwd movis
    skinnyActive adult commynity georgiaNoww foodds virgin coconut oil https://bit.ly/3nJWie4 Neew lesbin lickingPiedrced nijpple hardcore housewifeTeens ex https://bit.ly/38wtX4V Watch kaden aylor free pornFunny adult holloween costumesFufking scenes
    iin hollywoood movies https://bit.ly/3helbgP Fake nude pics oof lauren conradImags of sian foodDvd asult animation https://tinyurl.com/yzcuzal7 Free online erotica comicsOffice ssex with older womenMakor componets off the brest https://bit.ly/33wV3a3 Teen guys sshowing dicksCdc obesit
    trends among us adultsAmateur teen lists https://bit.ly/34vgOpK Gay sexx rope bondageGett
    to thhe bottomFindd friend sex https://bit.ly/3isWbj8 Mature mmom
    forced to suxk cockVideos intimos amateurOld pkrn moviies
    for free https://bit.ly/3uTOjxxa Germany escorrt agencyPicss off harvey milk gay activistJennifer lopz pics ass https://bit.ly/2H64SmQ Famous pekple who had breast reductionAmateur eshabiller camTrijbe women puzsy https://tinyurl.com/yzxtc44h Shawty goot thosee
    apple bottom jeansFree mns porn filterImages sey bolys https://cutt.ly/ZUm8O9y Adventure toons pornSlewep
    patterns oof adultsFemale bondage picture https://tinyurl.com/yjadnhw2 Whippet adultDvdd heap whoolesale adult dvdsCumm disgracfe sarlett https://tinyurl.com/yj56vube A sexual diseaseAdulpt disney posterAsikan momy https://cutt.ly/2UNi3qx Brrad
    pitt playgirl nde pcitureMature and twsink
    galleriesAsains with bigs ttits https://bit.ly/3fyggWV Ffm hreesome bisexualSexy caalves athletic teenModgan jollly bikii https://cutt.ly/IUDp02i Ruthh bradly nudeBondage and imagesNaked asian styuds https://cutt.ly/GUN4mmV Gay mmen looking ffor a hookupVintage bibb apronsForced gayy twinks https://bit.ly/3qG22Ww Asan food market nnorthridge caNakmed nude pic toplessWherre tto find sexyy
    girls https://cutt.ly/ZUKTK70 Aussi celebrity pornSteve mmadden nuce patent leatherMale anall orgams https://bit.ly/3tkMVU8 Jameson rarest vintabe reserve
    irish whiskeyPeee on me teenNuude jaanese hikers https://cutt.ly/ongz2B1 Prisoner poren videosGay picture poat xxxElton jhn song about lesbian https://bit.ly/3wvNgF4 Milf blowjob tubesPenis verlengingMan fucks mexican maiden https://tinyurl.com/yenoopt9 My thick black ass 10Gay swim wearWomen wtch gay meen porn https://bit.ly/3wi8EwZ Lesbian miget poprn picsCllip ree
    granny hardore videoPierced suck ooff https://bit.ly/3cCEywt Vintage
    herman millerr chairsRichard north polrn actorForced too
    strip at mcdonalds https://bit.ly/36P26N8 Linda freiday sexSafe porn browsingFree gay mailing lists https://cutt.ly/DYfoiV2 Sensal
    sex with your wifeMiddlesex askan spaFree retro xxxx sex tubes
    https://bit.ly/2ON2u7Y Free ebiny cuties pornChriostian clothuing teenTeeen naked amatuer
    pictuers https://bit.ly/2IyFnuG Caviar and dopemn xxxMasturbatingg in carr voyeur tubesLonmdon adult nightlife https://tinyurl.com/yhdkttmz Breast enlargement torontoWide oen inside pussyBittany bbod naked
    https://bit.ly/3lWBlL2 Titt suckiing puppysSatanic orgiesFrenh nudist christmas video https://bit.ly/3FT0TTo Cheap shemale seex dollsGaay restauant sale massGerman teens tube https://bit.ly/3exDnjhh Femdom protocols andd
    rulesSwitched dickVintage lustreware luustre https://cutt.ly/Pcjz8vA Beautoful womes xxxKim kardashian ssex video metacafeFucing
    man old slut young https://cutt.ly/KUONcJa Nude ankme
    cartoon pornNudee sportcastersJadda fire deep thrroats https://bit.ly/2UcQO18 Neighbor non nuude teenVintage pink acrylic
    buttonsDownload free fulol gayy porn moviesHouston sex adsCastt of moie xxxGay mintpelier ohioDiabetres aadult onset symptomsHot perky rredhead girls having sexEscort iin northeastLabia numbness vaginalFree gay latinoo clipsXxxx kglie baxInterracial milf sex storiesSexx therapist in ncRedhead backdoorPublic groping
    pornMustle woman xxxVidgin islands citiesStriped bas tournamentsAnger managhement skoills forr teensBig tit asiwn galleriesTiny llil gthic slutsTewcher iin trouhle over seex quizLesbian bzrs in californiaFree saggy titts picture galleriesNuude studednt
    protestsGays cuddlingHiilton paris passwordz xxxCoubar small boobsVagial cosmetic surgwry expensiveMean mcneely nudeCast cimarron stripGayy bears strokinbg cocks tubeHuge cocks in africaAirstrip shavedAnall ssex wifh ladyboyBrazzerrs porn useername and passwordKesley hazwll vaginaBreazst cancer bone metastases pain strontium 90High
    resolution pporn imagesRed tybe sjall titsFrancesca buller nudeCople sesy teenAdult comic lillyRebaa mcentire’s titsFree podn vidreos on black clebertiesMisssouri sex abuseAntioque
    vintage christmas personjal return labelsEmbarrasesd about myy penisTeernie cunnts
    bbs

  10. Hi there to all, the contents present at this site are truly remarkable for people knowledge, well, keep up
    the nice work fellows.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *